Well, the first three points you stated, are very common in general. Some songs stick more in memory than others.
With Growing Up I have no idea what you mean. I only know one version. Seems subconsciouly you associate the song with something that doesn't fit your recent listening to it.
You're last points seem to show, that you either never or at least hardly listening to their first albums. So Hakane is a very generic song, so it is excused
The Youtube song is Natsuzora Dash. Or did you mean you remember the song, but can't remember its name? I already gave up on naming every song of a group by name. That's what wikipedia is for now, lol